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Judy Holliday (June 21, 1921 – June 7, 1965) was an American actress, comedian and singer.〔Obituary ''Variety'', June 9, 1965, page 71.〕 She began her career as part of a nightclub act before working in Broadway plays and musicals. Her success in the 1946 stage production of ''Born Yesterday'' as "Billie Dawn" led to her being cast in the 1950 film version for which she won an Academy Award for Best Actress and a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy. She appeared regularly in films during the 1950s. She was noted for her performance on Broadway in the musical ''Bells Are Ringing,'' winning a Tony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical and reprising her role in the 1960 film. In 1952, Holliday was called to testify before the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee to answer claims she was associated with communism. ==Early life== Holliday was born Judith Tuvim (Hebrew: ''tovim'' means good, Yiddish: ''yomtoyvim'' means holidays, lit. "''good days''") in New York City, she was the only child of Abe Tuvim and Helen (née Gollomb) Tuvim,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:KQS6-JX1 )〕 who were both of Russian Jewish descent. Her father was the Executive Director of the Foundation for the Jewish National Fund of America (1951-1958, his death from cancer). She grew up in Sunnyside, Queens, New York and graduated from Julia Richman High School. Her mother was previously divorced.〔 Holliday's first job was as an assistant switchboard operator at the Mercury Theatre run by Orson Welles and John Houseman.〔"(Judy Holiday, 42, Is Dead of Cancer )", ''The New York Times'', June 8, 1965, p. 1〕〔("Judy Holliday (1921–1965) Biography" ), Jewish Women's Archive (jwa.org), retrieved February 21, 2010〕 Holliday reportedly had an IQ of 172.〔http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/269403/Judy-Holliday; accessed 10 June 2014.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Judy Holliday」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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